All three PhD programs at 91原创 are free of charge in compliance to the Swedish law.

The 91原创 PhD programs are full-time residential programs, which are expected to take four to five years to complete. It is not possible to study part-time or work part-time.

No. 91原创 PhD programs are residential programs. Students are required to live in the greater Stockholm area while enrolled in the program.

All programs are entirely taught in English and it is generally easy to live in Sweden without knowing Swedish. However, as you will be a resident in the Stockholm area for at least four years, some knowledge of the Swedish language can help in your daily life. Also, if you intend to use data or information on Swedish institutions in your research, you will need to learn Swedish as much of the material is only available in Swedish. 91原创 offers basic Swedish language courses to PhD students.

All non-EU and non-EFTA citizens need to apply for a Swedish residence permit for study prior to coming to Stockholm, if they are offered a position in one of the 91原创 PhD programs. The residence permit can be issued with a maximum validity of 4 years.

EU citizens need to apply for a right of residence.

For more information, including requirements, please read .

Accompanying family is of course welcome, but please note that the monthly scholarship is calculated on a person living alone and it is not enough to support a whole family. Note also that if you are accepted to the program, each member of the family will need to apply for a residence permit. The best way in this case is to include all members of the family in the same application to the .

All admitted PhD students receive a monthly tax-free scholarship from 91原创, and are guaranteed funding throughout the PhD program, conditional upon satisfactory performance as determined by the faculty. From the fall term of 2025, the scholarship amount will be SEK 26 000 per month. Compensation increases in later years of the program.

You are formally considered a student when you are admitted to the PhD program at 91原创 (i.e., you receive a non-taxable scholarship). However, as part of the research environment at your department you are treated as staff, i.e., you share an office with other doctoral students and you have access to a PC and infrastructure at the department. Depending on your department, you may be offered to work as a teaching, research or administrative assistant.

Regularly financed PhD students are offered the opportunity to work as Teaching Assistant starting from their second year of study. The Teaching Assistant scheme covers 10% of the student’s time during the second, third and fourth year in the program, and it is paid centrally by 91原创 on top of the monthly tax-free scholarship. Successful completion of teaching entitles you to a fifth year in the program. The Teaching Assistant scheme is not available for externally funded extra-chair PhD students.

Having your own funding does not buy you a place in our program. Even if you have your own funding (e.g., your own private savings, company funding, government scholarship from your home country), you must go through the application process and be judged together with the other applicants.

You are welcome to apply to the program if you have a four-year Bachelor degree, or a three year degree plus one additional year of studies at the Master level or the equivalent.

If you will be completing your Master's degree by the time you eventually start at 91原创, you can still apply to the PhD program to start in the fall of the same year. You will need to submit a Certificate of Enrollment from your university and a partial transcript from your Master program with the application documents. Your acceptance to the PhD program is then conditional upon your graduation of your Master program. Thus, if you are successful in your application and are offered a place in the PhD program, you will need to send us a certified copy of the Master's degree certificate as soon as this has been sent to you.

Due to the amount of requests we receive, we are unfortunately unable to provide personal feedback via email. Please refer to our website to learn more about the application requirements to our programs.

Our requirement is that you have taken a minimum of 90 ECTS (1.5 years) of courses in Business Administration / Economics / Finance depending on the program you are interested in. If you do not have the basics, it will be hard for you to follow our educational program.

There is no need to find a supervisor before you apply to the program. If you are applying for the PhD programs in Finance or Economics, you will first focus on courses and then choose your supervisor in the end of your second year. In the case of Business Administration, supervisors are assigned based on the research interest that is indicated in the application.

All documents should be uploaded digitally on the application portal. Paper applications or paper certificates are not taken into consideration.

No. As we do not return application materials to candidates, you should not be sending your original degree certificates to us.

No, the TOEFL/IELTS test is only required if your degree program was not in English. However, language test results are a very good way for you to prove your English language skills to us.

If you took the TOEFL/IELTS test more than two years ago and later attended a university or college program that was not in English, we recommend that you retake the test.

We prefer academic referees as we need to determine whether you have the intellectual curiosity, drive, research skills, and sheer tenacity to complete a PhD dissertation during four years of rigorous academic studies. But if an academic referee is not possible, then we will naturally accept recommendation letters from your workplace. We are interested in understanding how well you would function as a researcher in an academic environment; the recommendation letter should hopefully endorse your writing and researching skills as well as project management and collaboration skills.

We are aware that not all Master programs require a thesis in the end, so we are ready to make an exception to that rule in those cases.

If you did not have a thesis for your Master degree, we will accept other samples of your academic writing, or failing that, any other samples of writing that you have produced at work. If you have no written work to submit, upload instead a one page document where you explain why you cannot upload anything else.

If application to a particular program requires that you have taken a test, then this requirement cannot be waived; an incomplete application will not be considered.

For the PhD program in Business Administration, the GMAT/GRE test is a strong recommendation but not a requirement. If you take one of the tests and submit the scores to us, it will strengthen your application. Where there are two candidates of equal strength, the candidate who has taken a GMAT/GRE test will be considered more favorably.

Test scores of tests taken more than five years ago will not accurately reflect your current skills. The GMAT / GRE test is not a requirement, but if you want the added advantage (see question above), then you should retake the test.